Agricultural Science tutorial

  WHAT ARE DISEASES? -Diseases are illnesses of or sickness caused by pathogens such as viruses,  fungi, bacteria and protozoa. SIGNS OF HEALTH ANIMALS  • Animals have bright eyes, is alert.                              • Good posture when moving.                                        • Shiny coat/skin and well-worn feather in chickens.                                                                              • Animals feed well and has a good appetite.              • Normal pulse rate and good breathing.                  ...

NB: Animals need the following types of livestock rations.. 1. Balanced diet  - Is a mixture of food containing all essential nutrients the animal needs in the right amount.  2. Maintenance ration - This is the ratio given to an animal to maintain its good health and keep all its body processes functioning.  3. Production ration  - This is extra feed needed by livestock to enable them to achieve additional inputs.  THE IMPORTANCE OF LIVESTOCK RATIONS • Animals get all the essential nutrients to grow and develop normally.                                                              • It keeps body health.                                                      • It provides energy....

 1. RUMINANT ANIMALS  - Ruminant animals are hoofed animals that have four chambered stomach such as cattle, sheep and goats.                                                                                    - Ruminant animals have four chambered stomach which are the rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum.                                                                          - They have bacteria in the rumen which gives them ability to breakdown cellulose in the food.       - They are mainly grass eater.                  ...

 ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION  - It is the method of impregnating female animals  (cows) without the sexual act with a bull.  - Sperms are collected from a bull by artificial means and inserted into the cow reproductive system.  - A trained inseminator inserts semen into the reproductive tract using insemination gun. ADVANTAGES ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION  • Reduces the risks of  spreading contagious diseases.                                                                                • It cuts the cost maintaining bull.                                 • Farmers can impregnate many cows within a short period of time.                  ...

 THE  THREE TYPES OF CROP FARMING SYSTEMS  1. MONOCULTURE - Monoculture means planting the same of crops over and over on the same piece of land.  ADVANTAGES OF MONOCULTURE  • The farmer becomes skilled at growing that particular crop                                                               •The system is easy to us.                                                • The same tools can be used each year for planting ,weeding and harvesting.  DISADVANTAGES OF MONOCULTURE  • Poor yield because crops use the same nutrients from the soil each year.                                      ...